Creating Tables
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## Creating Tables

DocBook tables can be quite complex, but dblatex should be able to drive most of cases thanks to the excellent newtbl implementation by David Hedley completely written in XSL.

Here is what is supported:

- Columns without specified widths (`colspec` without `colwidth` attribute) have the same size.

- A table width is always equal to the page width, if at least one column doesn't contain a fixed width attribute (e.g. colwidth=“12cm”).

- Fixed column widths are supported (e.g. colwidth=“10cm”). The unit can be whatever is understood by latex (e.g. cm, em, in, pt).

- Proportional column widths are supported (e.g. colwidth= “5*”). Combination of fixed and proportional width is supported too (e.g. colwidth=“5*+10cm”).

- The `morerows` attribute of a table entry (`entry` element) is supported.

- The `namest` and `nameend` attributes of a table entry (`entry` element) are supported. It is possible to have a cell spanned on several columns.

- The `orient` table attribute is supported (portrait and landscape).

- It is possible to have missing cell entries in a table.

### Limitations

Currently the following things are known to fail with tables:

- Program listings and screens cannot be embedded in tables. Some other verbatim environments like litterallayout are allowed.

- Footnotes in table cells can fail, especially if the footnote contains several paragraphs. Moreover they are lost is a float like a table.

- The HTML tables are not supported.

### Table Width

A table width is explicit when all the columns have a fixed size. In this case it is the sum of the colum widths. In the other cases (columns with no colwidth or proportional columns widths) the total table width is deduced by dblatex as follow: it looks for the Processing Instruction `<?dblatex table-with="`width`" ?>` first, then the @width attribute, the `default.table.width` parameter, and finally use the page width.

A table width can be expressed as:

- A valid length (e.g. 15cm),

- A percentage of the page width (e.g. 75%),

- A keyword telling to apply an automatic column width (e.g. autowidth.all). See the section called “Automatic Column Width” for more details.

### Tables without colwidth

When none of the `colspec` elements contains the `colwidth` attribute, all the columns have the same size, and the table width is fixed to the maximum available size. Several examples of these tables are given in the PDF version of this manual.

### Tables with mixed colspec

A table can have `colspec` elements containing `colwidth` attribute mixed with `colspec` elements without `colwidth`. Here is an XML source example:

    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
        <colspec colname="c1"/>
        <colspec align="left" colwidth="4cm"/>
        <colspec align="right" colwidth="5cm"/>
        <colspec align="center"/>
        <colspec align="center" colwidth="3cm"/>
        <tbody>
        ...
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

See the PDF version of this manual to see how it is rendered.

### Tables with proportional and fixed colwidth

Proportional column widths are supported. Here is an example:

    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="*"/>
        <colspec align="left" colwidth="2*"/>
        <colspec align="right" colwidth="3*"/>
        <colspec align="center"/>
        <colspec align="center" colwidth="3cm"/>
        <tbody>
        ...
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

### Tables with fixed colwidths

All the columns can have fixed size, like this:

    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="2cm"/>
        <colspec align="left" colwidth="2.5cm"/>
        <colspec align="right" colwidth="5cm"/>
        <colspec align="center" colwidth="3cm"/>
        <tbody>
        ...
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

### Automatic Column Width

#### Global Setting

In the previous sections the columns widths are computed from a proportional basis, when no colwidth is specified or when the colwidths contain a star ("*"). Of course, a colwidth containing a fixed width incidently sets the column width with this size.

It is possible to change this sizing policy of not-fixed-width columns by playing with the `newtbl.autowidth` parameter. The parameter can take the following values:

default

  The automatic width (that is, latex is in charge to size the column width) is applied only to columns not having a specified `colspec` colwidth. It includes both undefined `colspec`, and `colspec` without the colwidth attribute.

all

  the automatic width is applied to any column, whatever a colspec is provided or not.

By default the parameter is unset, and no automatic width is applied. Using automatic width is handy in some situations but there is no more control if the tables fit in the page or not, since in this case the column is as wide as its content, with no more paragraph breaking. The parameter is global for all the tables in the document.

You can also perform the same thing by setting the `default.table.width` parameter to `autowidth.default` or `autowidth.all` instead of using `newtbl.autowidth`.

#### Local Setting

If you want to apply an automatic width only to some specific tables you can put the Processing Instruction `<?dblatex table-with="autowidth.`scope`" ?>` in the related tables. The PI has precedence over the `newtbl.autowidth` parameter.

The `scope` can take the same values and have the same effects than for the `newtbl.autowidth` parameter (`default` or `all`) and it can take another value: `column`. When set to `column`, the number of the columns subject to automatic width must be specified after a colon separator, as shown by the following example:

    <informaltable><?dblatex table-width="autowidth.column: 1 3"?>
      <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
      <colspec colname="c1"/>                 <!-- automatic width is applied to column #1 -->
      <colspec align="left" colwidth="*"/>
      <colspec align="right" colwidth="5cm"/> <!-- automatic width is applied to column #3 -->
      <colspec align="center" colwidth="3cm"/>
      ...
    </informaltable>

Here are two other examples with the all and default scopes:

The following table has columns 1 and 2 sized by latex with autowidth.all:

Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4
--- | --- | --- | ---
cell on 4 lines | simple cell | cell on 2 lines | cell without morerow attribute
cell in column 2 | cell on 2 lines
left aligned on 2 lines | cell in line 3, column 3
4 cm column width | last cell in column 4

It is written as follow:

    <informaltable><?dblatex table-width="autowidth.all"?>
      <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
      <colspec colname="c1"/> <!-- 'default' and 'all' apply on this column -->
      <colspec align="left" colwidth="*"/> <!-- only 'all' applies on this column -->
      <colspec align="right" colwidth="5cm"/>
      <colspec align="center" colwidth="3cm"/>
      ...
    </informaltable>

The following table has only columns 1 sized by latex with autowidth.default:

Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4
--- | --- | --- | ---
cell on 4 lines | simple cell | cell on 2 lines | cell without morerow attribute
cell in column 2 | cell on 2 lines
left aligned on 2 lines | cell in line 3, column 3
4 cm column width | last cell in column 4

The only difference is that the PI attribute value is autowidth.default:

    <informaltable><?dblatex table-width="autowidth.default"?>
      <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
      <colspec colname="c1"/> <!-- 'default' and 'all' apply on this column -->
      <colspec align="left" colwidth="*"/> <!-- only 'all' applies on this column -->
      <colspec align="right" colwidth="5cm"/>
      <colspec align="center" colwidth="3cm"/>
      ...
    </informaltable>

### Informal Table LaTeX Styles

By default dblatex translates an informal table to the LaTeX envIronment specified by the `table.default.tabstyle` parameter (usually `longtable`), but you can specify which Latex tabular environment to use, globally through the parameter, or per table through the `tabstyle` attribute. Of course the `tabstyle` attribute value is specific to dblatex. The supported values are:

longtable

  The default table type used by dblatex when `table.default.tabstyle` is empty, in order to be able to split over several pages.

tabular

  The most usual table type. Such table can only be on a single page.

tabularx

  An advanced table type that allows to stretch column widths to the available remained page width. Such table can only be on a single page like for "tabular".

The two following examples show how tabular and tabularx rendering differ when the automatic width feature is used. Here is the XML source code:

    <informaltable tabstyle="tabular">
      <?dblatex table-width="autowitdh.column: 1 3"?>
      <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
        <colspec colname="c1"/>
        <colspec align="left"/>
        <colspec align="right"/>
        <colspec align="center"/>
        ...
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

    <informaltable tabstyle="tabularx">
      <?dblatex table-width="autowitdh.column: 1 3"?>
      <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
        <colspec colname="c1"/>
        <colspec align="left"/>
        <colspec align="right"/>
        <colspec align="center"/>
        ...
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

It is rendered as follow:

### Tables with morerows

A table can contain entries that cover several lines. The following XML source contains an entry covering 4 lines:

    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="*"/>
        ...
        <tbody>
        <entry morerows="3">it covers 4 lines</entry>
        ...
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

### Landscape tables

A table can be displayed in a lanscape format by using the `orient` attribute. Here is an XML source example:

    <informaltable orient="land">
      <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
        <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="*"/>
        ...
        <tbody>
        ...
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

### Smaller tables

For big tables it can be usefull to have smaller text, so that the table is not too large or too long and it can be displayed within a page. It is possible to specify smaller table text by using the `role` attribute of the elements `table` or `informaltable`.

The values and the “role” dedicated to this attribute are specific to dblatex, but it is compliant with the DocBook specification because in general the `role` attribute purpose is never defined.

The available text size definitions supported by `role` are directly taken from LaTeX:

- small,

- footnotesize,

- scriptsize,

- tiny.

### Coloured tables

You can color all the table by setting its `bgcolor` attribute.

You can also color only some cells by using the Processing Instruction `<?dblatex bgcolor="color"?>`. The PI can apply to columns when put in a `colspec`, to rows when put at the beginning of a `row`, or to cells when put in a `entry`.

The entry colour has precedence over the row colour, that has precedence over the column colour, that has precedence over the table colour.

The color can be expressed in hexadecimal notation like for HTML (e.g. `#C0C0C0`) or in a syntax understood by the `colortbl` latex package.

Here is a PDF output example.

This table is coded like this:

    <informaltable id="tbl-color" bgcolor="{yellow}">
    <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1" align="left">
      <colspec colname="c1" colwidth="2cm"/>
      <colspec align="left" colwidth="2.5cm"><?dblatex bgcolor="#00FF00"?></colspec>
      <colspec align="right" colwidth="5cm"/>
      <colspec align="center" colwidth="3cm"/>
      <thead>
        <row>
          <entry>Column 1</entry><entry>Column 2</entry>
          <entry>Column 3</entry><entry>Column 4</entry>
        </row>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
      <row>
        <entry>yellow</entry><entry>green column</entry>
        <entry>yellow</entry><entry>yellow</entry>
      </row>
      <row>
      <?dblatex bgcolor="{blue}"?>
        <entry>blue row</entry>
        <entry><?dblatex bgcolor="{red}"?>red cell</entry>
        <entry>blue row</entry><entry>blue row</entry>
      </row>
      <row>
        <entry>yellow</entry><entry>green column</entry>
        <entry>yellow</entry>
        <entry><?dblatex bgcolor="[gray]{0.8}"?>gray</entry>
      </row>
      </tbody>
    </tgroup>
    </informaltable>

### HTML Tables

Since version 0.3.2 dblatex supports HTML tables. Some features are handled differently from CALS tables as illustrated by the following HTML table source example:

    <table border="1" width="100%" rules="all">
      <caption>An HTML Table</caption>
      <colgroup span="2" valign="top" align="right"/>
        <?dblatex bgcolor="red"?>
      </colgroup>
      <colgroup valign="bottom" align="left" width="5%">
        <col align="right" span="2"/>
        <col valign="top"/>
      </colgroup>
      <colgroup bgcolor="yellow" width="0*"><?dblatex bgcolor="yellow"?></colgroup>
      <colgroup valign="bottom" align="left" width="15%"/>
      <colgroup valign="bottom" align="left" width="10%"/>
      <thead>
        <tr> <td width="10%">Head A1</td><td>Head B1</td><td>Head C1</td> </tr>
      </thead>
      <tfoot>
        <tr> <td width="10%">Foot A1</td><td>Foot B1</td><td>Foot C1</td> </tr>
      </tfoot>

      <tr>
        <td width="10%">A1</td><td>B1</td><td>C1</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>A2</td><td bgcolor="yellow">B2</td><td colspan="3" rowspan="3">C-E2</td><td>F2</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>A3</td><td width="25.3">B3</td><td>F3</td><td rowspan="2">G3</td><td rowspan="3">H3</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>A4</td><td>B4</td><td>F4</td><td>G4</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>A5</td><td>B5</td><td width="5%">C5</td><td>D5</td>
      </tr>
      <tr bgcolor="blue">
        <td>A6</td><td>B6</td><td>C6</td><td>D6</td><td>E6</td><td bgcolor="green">F6</td>
      </tr>
    </table>

| The cell borders are specified through the table `rules` attribute, and not by any `rowsep` and `colsep` attributes. Therefore it is not possible to set the borders of an individual cell. If no `rules` attribute is provided the default setup defined by `default.table.rules` parameter is used.
| The title of a formal HTML table is set through the `caption` element, because the `title` element is not available.
| The cell background colors can be set directly with the bgcolor attribute in `row` (for an entire row color setting), `th`, or `td`, but the dblatex bgcolor Processing Instruction is required in `colgroup` or `col` to set a column color.
| The relative widths can be expressed as a percentage. The proportional syntax (e.g. "3*") is still available in `colgroup`s.
| To specify that a column must be as wide as its content, there is no need to use the dblatex autowidth Processing Instruction. You just need to set the related colgroup width attribute to "0*".
| The fixed widths must be expressed as numbers, and the implicit unit is the point ("pt"). You cannot set a width expressed in a unit like inchs ("in"), centimeters ("cm") and so on.
| The closest enclosing element attribute has precedence over ancestor attributes. This applies to background color too.

This source example is rendered as follow:

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