# Berkeley DB Java Edition
Installation Notes

3.2.76, April 09, 2008

These installation notes describe:

- Installing JE
- Using JE
- Uninstalling JE
- Building and running JE examples

- Basic Examples
- Collections Example
- Getting Started Examples
- Writing Transactional Applications Examples

- Building JE

- Building with the Unit Tests
- Build Options

- Using JE with J2EE/JCA
- Using JE with JMX

## Installing JE

JE requires J2SE JDK version 1.4.2 or later. You can download this from:

> J2SE 1.4.2

JE may also be used with BEA's JRockit JVM. Version 1.4.1_01-b01 has been tested. Note that you must pass `-Xmx` parameter to JRockit when using JE.

To install JE, use unzip or tar to unpack the JE distribution. If you are using unzip, be sure to use the -U option to preserve case in file names. For example:

>     unzip -U je-M.N.P.zip

or

>     gunzip je-M.N.P.tar.gz
>     tar xvf je-M.N.P.tar

Unpacking the distribution creates a je-M.N.P directory on disk, where M.N.P is the release's version number. This directory contains the following contents:

>     bin/
>     docs/
>     examples/
>     lib/
>     src/
>     test/

The remainder of this document refers to the `je-M.N.P/` directory created in this step as JE_HOME.

## Using JE

To compile and run a program using JE, you only need the `je-M.N.P.jar` file in your class path. This file can be found at:

>     JE_HOME/lib/je-M.N.P.jar

When using JE within a web container, note that it is important that the JE jar file and your application jar files -- in particular the classes that are being serialized by SerialBinding -- are loaded under the same class loader. For running in a servlet, this typically means that you would place the JE jar file and your application jars in the same directory.
Additionally, it is important to not place the JE jar file in the extensions directory for your JVM. Instead place the JE jar file in the same location as your application jars. The extensions directory is reserved for privileged library code.

## Uninstalling JE

To uninstall, just remove the directory that you unzipped into.

## Examples

The JE distribution comes with examples that illustrate the basic database engine, the collections API, and scenarios from the Getting Started Guide and Transactional Applications Guide.

### Building and Running the Basic Examples

- `SimpleExample` does basic data insertion and retrieval.
- `BindingExample` shows how to use com.sleepycat.bind to convert between Java objects and JE data records.
- `SecondaryExample` illustrates the use of secondary indices.
- `SequenceExample` demonstrates the use of Sequence objects.
- `ToManyExample` shows how to use multi-key secondary indices to support many-many and one-many primary/secondary key relationships.

These examples can also serve as a sanity check of the installation. You can find the source for these examples at:

>     JE_HOME/examples/je

Assuming you have installed the J2SE JDK and have verified that you have a working Java compiler, you can build `SimpleExample` as follows.

1. Change to the

       JE_HOME/examples

   directory.
2. Set your CLASSPATH to include both

       JE_HOME/lib/je-M.N.P.jar

   and the

       JE_HOME/examples

   directory.
3. Compile `SimpleExample.java` with the following command:

       javac je/SimpleExample.java

   or on Windows:

       javac je\SimpleExample.java

`SimpleExample` can either add records to or retrieve records from a database. To insert records into a database, use the following command, specifying an environment directory for the data generated by the example:

>     java je.SimpleExample <environment directory> insert 10 0

For example, using `"."` for the first parameter will write the database files into the current directory. You'll notice that a `00000000.jdb` file and and `je.lck` file are created. This is the first log file in the environment and a lock file. If you need to delete the environment for running a different example, simply delete these two files.

This command above inserted 10 records starting with key "0". To insert more records, specify a count and a key value starting point. For example:

>     java je.SimpleExample <environment directory> insert 10 10

and so on. To retrieve and print all records:

>     java je.SimpleExample <environment directory> retrieve

While this is not a very entertaining program, it is enough to test that you have installed JE correctly.

### Running the Java Collections Examples

Accessing data in a JE database may be performed using the `com.sleepycat.je` classes directly, or indirectly using the standard Java Collections API. A number of examples in the `examples/collections` directory show how to use Java collections with JE.

The collections examples can be compiled in the same way as is described for SimpleExample above. However, by default these collections examples use `"./tmp"` as the environment home directory. You should create the tmp directory before running the example. To compile and run the `HelloDatabaseWorld` example:

>     javac collections/hello/HelloDatabaseWorld.java

>     java collections.hello.HelloDatabaseWorld

The first time this example is run it will print:

>     Writing data
>     Reading data
>     0 Hello
>     1 Database
>     2 World

If run again, it will not print `"Writing data"` since the data will already exist.

A series of examples based on a shipment database can be found in the `examples/collections/ship` directory. Each of these examples is compiled and run in the same way. They build on each other to illustrate the use of different types of object-to-database bindings.

- `basic` - The shipment program.
- `index` - Secondary indices.
- `entity` - Combining the key and value in a single object.
- `tuple` - Compact ordered keys.
- `sentity` - (Serializable Entity) One serializable class for entities and values.
- `marshal` - Internal bindings in the key and value classes.
- `factory` - The marshaled tuple-serial factory.

As with the prior example, the home directory is `"./tmp"` so that directory must exist prior to running the example. To compile and run the `basic` example:

>     javac collections/ship/basic/Sample.java

>     java collections.ship.basic.Sample

The sample will add shipment records to the database and print their contents.

The other shipment examples are compiled and run in the same way. However, all shipment examples use the same database name, and therefore the database must be cleared in between running different examples. Clear the database by deleting the contents of the `"./tmp"` directory.

### Running the Getting Started Examples

As described in the Berkeley DB Java Edition Getting Started Guide, the final examples in every chapter exist in the JE package. You can build and run these examples as follows:

- Change to the

      JE_HOME/examples

  directory.
- Set your CLASSPATH to include both

      JE_HOME/lib/je-M.N.P.jar

  and the

      JE_HOME/examples

  directories.
- Compile the Getting Started examples with the following commands:

      javac je/gettingStarted/*.java

  or on Windows:

      javac je\gettingStarted\*.java

- Make a directory to contain your database environment:

      mkdir gsgEnv

- Load your sample database:

      java je.gettingStarted.ExampleDatabasePut -h gsgEnv -i je/gettingStarted/inventory.txt  -v je/gettingStarted/vendors.txt

- Perform queries against your database. To see everything in the database, use:

      java je.gettingStarted.ExampleInventoryRead -h gsgEnv

  To perform a query based on an inventory item's name, use:

      java je.gettingStarted.ExampleInventoryRead -h gsgEnv -s Upo

### Running the Writing Transactional Applications Examples

The examples in Writing Transactional Applications with Berkeley DB, Java Edition guide, the exist in the JE package. You can build and run these examples as follows:

- Change to the

      JE_HOME/examples

  directory.
- Set your CLASSPATH to include both

      JE_HOME/lib/je-M.N.P.jar

  and the

      JE_HOME/examples

  directories.
- Compile the Transactional Applications examples with the following commands:

      javac je/txn/*.java

  or on Windows:

      javac je\txn\*.java

- Make a directory to contain your database environment:

      mkdir txnEx

- Run the transactional example.

      java je.txn.TxnGuide -h txnEx

## Building JE

JE must be built with Java 1.5, but will produce a .jar file compatible with both Java 1.4 and Java 1.5. To build JE from the provided source, you need to download and install ant 1.6.0 or later and JUnit:

> Apache Ant

See the next section for downloading JUnit. Once ant and JUnit are installed, you can build JE using the following command:

>     cd JE_HOME

>     ant clean jar

The JE jar file will appear in JE_HOME/build/lib/je-M.N.P.jar.
By default, JE is compiled with both -O for optimization and -g for debug symbols. Compiling without the -g will give you the smallest possible JE jar file. To do so, edit the JE_HOME/ant/compile.xml file and change the build.debug property from "on" to "off".

### Building and Running the Unit Tests

If you want to build and run the included unit tests, you must download JUnit:

> JUnit/SourceForge

Once JUnit is installed on your system, you must make sure that ant knows about it. The simplest way to do this is to copy the `junit.jar` file into your ant's lib dir. You then must build JE as follows:

>     cd JE_HOME

>     ant clean compile

Once it is compiled, you can run the unit tests using the command: `"ant test"`. The unit tests usually take between 20 to 50 minutes to run, depending on platform. On some platforms, notably Windows, you may see OutOfMemoryErrors while running the unit tests. To avoid this, increase the JVM maximum memory size by setting the ANT_OPTS environment variable so that it includes `-Xmx256M`.

If you are running the unit tests with JRockit, the `DatabaseConfigTest.testComparator()` test will fail with a `NullPointerException`. This is due to a known problem in JRockit that has been fixed in JRockit version 1.4.2_04 and later. You will also need to pass a `-Xmx` value to JRockit. In the `build.xml`, uncomment the `-Xmx256M` "jvmarg".

### Build Options

You can use the following build options when building JE:

Option | Description
--- | ---
`clean` | Removes any previously built classes and jar files.
`compile` | Compiles JE and the included unit tests. This requires JUnit be downloaded and installed on your system. See Building and Running the Unit Tests for more information.
`compile-src` | Compiles JE. The unit tests are not compiled.
`jar` | Creates the JE jar file in build/lib/je-M.N.P.jar.
`test` | Runs unit tests.

`install`

Unix systems only. Causes the JE `bin`, `lib`, and `docs` directories to be installed to:

       /usr/lib/JE.<major>.<minor>

where <major> is the JE major release number, and <minor> is the JE minor release number.
If you do not want JE installed into `/usr/lib`, then you can change the base installation directory using `-Dinstalldir`. For example:

      ant install -Dinstalldir=/usr/local

## Using JE with J2EE/JCA

JE can be used as a J2EE/JCA Resource Adapter. It has been tested with JBoss 3.2.6 and Sun Java System Application Server 8.1. For cookbook style "HOWTO's" using the JE J2EE/JCA Resource Adapter see `JE_HOME/examples/jca/HOWTO-jboss.txt` and `JE_HOME/examples/jca/HOWTO-sjsas.txt`.

## Using JE with JMX

JE supplies a ready to install JMX (Java Management Extensions) MBean as well as support for adding JE monitoring to an application's custom MBean. See `JE_HOME/examples/jmx/README.txt`.

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